Symptoms of damage: Leaves with serpentine mines. Drying and dropping of leaves due to severe infestation. Identification of pest: Larva: Minute orange yellowish apodous maggots. Pupa: Pupates within mines. Adult : Pale yellow in colour Management: Collect and

Larva feeds on leaves making small holes Identification of pest Egg: Eggs are laid singly on buds and leaves Larva: Small, cylindrical and yellowish green with short spines all over body Pupa: Greenish brown pupa Adult: Slender moth with lobed wings, fringed w

Symptoms of damage: The caterpillar cuts the edges of leaf lamina, folds it over the leaf and feeds from within leaf roll Identification of pest: Egg: White spherical eggs laid singly on tender leaves Larva: Green in colour with longitudinal white stripe, hump

Symptoms of damage: Maggots bore into the distal shoot and form galls Identification of pest: Adult : slender dark brown mosquito like fly Management: Spray any following insecticides Malathion 50 EC @ 500 ml Methyl demeton 25 EC @ 500 ml/ ha Malathion 50 EC @

Symptoms of damage: Larva bores into the stem of snake gourd and produces galls Larva: White in colour Pupa: Pupation takes place in earthen cocoon in the soil Adult: Dark brown moth with transparent wings Collect and destroy the damaged plant parts with larva

Pumpkin beetles: Red Beetle: Aulacophora foveicollis, Purple bettele: A. cincta , Ash beetle: A. Intermedia

Bactrocera cucurbitae: Hyaline wings with brown and grey spots at the apex Bactrocera ciliates: Ferruginous brown body. Smaller than Bactrocera cucurbitae B. zonata: Body yellowish with pale yellow band on 3rd tergite