Source of hyphal segement: Plant Pathology by George N.Agrios Content Validator: Dr. T.Raguchandar, Professor (Plant Pathology), TNAU, Coimbatore -641003 Thanks to Dr.M.N.Budhar, Professor and Head, Regional Research Station, Paiyur- 65112

Infection may occur at all stages of plant growth but the symptoms become most prominent from 4 to 6 weeks after planting. The first symptom is chlorosis, followed by mosaic mottling and severe stunting of the plant. The entire plant becomes pale, dwarfed and

Downy Mildew: Sclerophthora Macrospora The infected plants are dwarf in appearance with shortened internodes. The leaves are formed closely and thus give a bushy and bunchy appearance.The leaves become pale green. The symptom is well expressed on the earhead w

The disease appears only at the time of grain setting The smutted grains scattered randomly in the ear head The affected grains gets converted into gall like bodies which are bigger than normal grains Greenish swollen grains appear in the initial stages The gr

Source of hyphal segement: Plant Pathology by George N.Agrios Content Validator: Dr. T.Raguchandar, Professor (Plant Pathology), TNAU, Coimbatore -641003 Thanks to Dr.M.N.Budhar, Professor and Head, Regional Research Station, Paiyur- 65112

The pathogen affects both seedling and the adult plants Minute, oval, light brown lesions on the young leaves and become dark brown Several such lesions coalesce to form large patches of infection on the leaf blade. The affected blades wither prematurely and t

Source of lifecyle: http://www.ibwf.de/funagro_index.htm Content Validator: Dr. T.Raguchandar, Professor (Plant Pathology), TNAU, Coimbatore -641003 Thanks to Dr.M.N.Budhar, Professor and Head, Regional Research Station, Paiyur- 65112

Symptom : The typical symptom appears on both the surfaces of leaf as light yellowish to brown spots. They are linear, spreading along the veins. Later on the colour changes to dark brown and as the disease advances the leaf blade gets shredded by splitting al

Larva feeds on root In severe infestations, center shoots dry up and become yellowish Larva are found at lower stem region and causes damage Egg: Are found in groups, grey in colour with tuft of hairs. Eggs are similar to that of yellow stem borer. Female lays

Adults infest the crop at milky stage Feeds on emerging panicle and produces chaffy grains with silky webs Excreta observed in infested panicle Identification of pest: Egg: Oval, shiny white in colour are fund in group covered with orange hairs Larva: Caterpil

Symptom of damage: Leaves fold longitudinally and larvae remains inside Larva scrapes the green tissues of the leaves, becomes white and dry During severe infestation the whole field exhibits scorched appearance Identification of pest: Egg: Female lays 200 egg

Symptoms of damage: Nymph and adult feed on leaves Irregular feeding on leaf blade Cattle grazed appearance is found at severely infested fields Identification of pest: Egg: Are laid in groups in soil. Eggs are either whitish, yellowish green, brownish or dirt

Defoliation in the nursery Identification of the pest: Egg: Lays cluster of reddish brown eggs on the lower portion of young plants Larva: Brownish green with wavy lines in dorsal surface and lateral yellow stripes Pupa: Pupates in the soil in earthen cocoons

Infested plants turn pale yellow and become stunted. Wilting and drying of plants in patches Black ants attend them for honeydew and their presence confirm the root aphid attack Identification of the pest: Adult: Pinkish and globular Aphids on under surface Ho

Yellowing of leaves Aphid Colonies present on the central leaf whorl and ears Presence of ants Identification of the pest: Nymph: Are round in shape with reddish brown in colour Adult: Yellow with dark green legs Management: Spray any one of the following inse

Nymphs and adult suck the juice from within the grains when they are in the milky stage. Grains shrink and turn black in colour and ill filled (or) chaffy. Presence of large number of nymphs and adults are seen on the ear head. Identification of the pest: Egg:

Both nymph and adult suck the plant sap Yellowing of leaves with stunted plant growth Plants wilt in patches Aphid secrets honey dew with excreta and allows to attract ants Adult: Greenish yellow in colour Management: Spray methyl demoton 25 EC @ 20 ml/lit or

Both Nymph and adult suck the sap from leaf and lower stem Leaves become yellow with stunted growth Vector of ragi mosaic virus Identification of pest: Nymph: Pale green transparent nymph. Walks sideways and nymphal period is 7-9 days Adult: small, brownish, w

Pink larva enters into the stem and causes dead heart symptom Egg: Creamy white spherical eggs laid in batches in between leaf sheaths and stem of the plant. Larva: Pinkish brown with a reddish brown head. Pupa: Brown, obtect pupa, pupates inside the stem. Adu