Symptom 1. Seedling blight Small, water-soaked, circular or irregular lesions on the cotyledons. Infection spreads to stem through petiole and cause withering and death of seedlings. 2. Angular Leaf Spot Small, dark green, water soaked areas develop on lower s

Symptom Round or irregular greyish spots appear on leaves. The spots may have dark brown or blackish borders in older leaves. Survival and Mode of Spread The pathogen survives in the infected plant debris as conidia The conidia are disseminated by wind or rain

Symptom Symptom Reddish spots of 0.5 mm-1cm diameter may appear near the margins of the leaves. The affected portions fall off leaving irregular shot holes in the leaves. Management Remove and destroy the infected plant residues. Spray Mancozeb or Copper oxych

Symptom Small, pale to brown, irregular or round spots, appear on the leaves. Each spot has a central lesion surrounded by concentric rings. Several spots coalesce together to form blighted areas. The affected leaves become brittle and fall off. The spots also

Fungal pathogens involved in boll rot are Fusarium moniliforme, Colletotrichum capsici, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus nigricans, Nematosporanagpuriand Botryodiplodia sp.

Symptom Irregular to angular pale translucent lesions bound by veinlets and grey powdery growth appear on lower surface of leaf Correspondingly light green specks appear on the upper surface of leaves. In severe cases whitish grey powdery growth appear on uppe

Root rot: Rhizoctonia bataticola (Pycnidial stage: Macrophomina phaseolina)

Symptom Affects the crop in square and boll formation stages Bronzing of veins followed by interveinal chlorosis, yellowing and scorching of leaves Leaves exhibit drying of leaf margins and areas between veins shows “Tiger stripe symptom” Affected plants remai

Symptom The fungus infects the seedlings and produces small reddish circular spots on the cotyledons and primary leaves. The lesions develop on the collar region, stem may be girdled, causing seedling to wilt and die. In mature plants, the fungus attacks the s

Symptom Symptom Initiallychlorotic yellow spot appear on the infected leaves Later spot turn into distinct necrotic purple spot with yellow halo. Necrotic streaks are produced on the petiole. Bud and flower productions are reduced. Severe infection resulted in

Symptom Yellowing and browning of cotyledons followed by browning on the petiole. Loss of turgidity, yellowing, drooping and wilting of leaves. Browning or blackening of vascular tissues. Infected plants appear stunted with fewer bolls. Survive in soil as sapr

Ash weevils: Mylloecerus undecimpustulatus M. maculosus M. subfasciatus M. viridanus M. discolor Symptom of damage Leaf margins notched Wilting of plants in patches Plants come easily when pulled Roots eaten away by grubs Identification of the pest Grub - Smal

Leaf skeletonisation by early instar larvae. Complete defoliation by older larvae. Young larva Grown up larva Identification Characters and Biology Destructive stage: Larva. Egg - Laid in masses which appear golden brown Larva- Pale greenish with dark markings

Leaves rolled in the form of trumpets fastened by silken threads Marginal portion of leaves eaten away Identification Characters and Biology Destructive stage: Larva Eggs: White and laid on leaves. Egg period: 4-6 days. Larva- Semi-translucent caterpillars. Br

Symptoms of damage Symptoms of damage Plants with drooping leaves Wilting in patches Identification of the pest Adult - Dark brown jewel beetle Management Basal application of FYM 25 t/ha or 250 kg/ha of neem cake Larvae Infested plants Plants with drooping le

Shoot weevil: Alcidodes affaber Symptoms of damage Terminal shoots with galls Bore hole surrounded by raised margins Identification of the pest Adult - Weevil dark greyish brown with pale cross bands on the elytra Management Basal application of FYM 25 t/ha or

Basal application of FYM 100 t/acre and 100 kg/acre of neem cake.

Economic threshold level: ETL: 10% infested shoots / squares / bolls.

Pink bollworm: Pectinophora gossypiella Symptoms of Damage Rosetted flowers. Excreta observed at the point of bore holes by larval feeding. . Interlocular boring and formation of double seeds. The attacked buds and immature bolls drop off. Discoloured lint and

Cotton Mealybug: Phenacoccus solenopsisi and Papaya mealybug Paracoccus marginatus (Pseudococcidae: Hemiptera)

Symptom of damage Symptom of damage Sucks the sap from developing seeds in open bolls and stains the lint black Seeds discolored and shrunken Sucks the sap from developing seeds in open bolls and stains the lint black Seeds discolored and shrunken Identificati

Red stained lint and rotting bolls Inner boll wall with warty growth or water soaked spots Young bolls abort and turn dark brown The bacterium Nematosporagossypii enters the site of injury and stains the fibre Identification of the pest Nymphs and Adults - Red

Destructive stage: Nymphs and adults. Eggs: Yellowish white laid singly on the under surface of leaves. Egg period: 3-5. Nymph - Greenish yellow, oval in outline Pupa- Oval in shape, present on the under surface of the leaves Adult- Minute insects with yellow

Thrips: Thrips tabaci Symptom of Damage Leaf laceration under the under surface of leaves. Silvery or brown necrotic spots of 3-5 mm. Leaf wrinkling and upward curling. Distorted leaves with white shiny patches. Identification Characters and Biology Destructiv

Cotton aphid: Aphis gossypii (Aphididae: Hemiptera) Symptom of damage Leaves are shiny with honeydew or darkened by sooty mould growing on the honeydew. Crumpling and downward curling observed under severe attack. Activity of ants on the aphid-infested plants

Symptoms of Damage Downward curling and reddening of leaves. Under severe infestation turn brick red colour. Growth retardation and death of plants. Identification Characters and Biology Destructive Stage: Nymphs and adults. Eggs: Small, delicate and transluce

Fruit borer: Helicoverpa armiger a Symptoms of Damage Regular circular boreholes on bolls. Presence of granular faecal pellets outside bore hole. Larva seen hanging in bore hole with head and part of abdomen thrust inside. Identification and Biology : Destruct