Symptoms

• Leaves become smaller and chlorotic
• Leaf drop is more pronounced producing exposed branch terminals.
• Early wilting during water stress.
• Poor root development.
• Dirty appearance of infected roots.
• Faster decay of feeder roots.
• Root death due to heavy infestation.
• Infested trees are smaller and less productive than normal ones.

Management

• Avoidance of infested planting materials and contaminated farm implements.
• Provision of adequate light and water drainage
• Use of resistant root stock.
• Pre-plant application of carbofuran 3 G 100g/tree
• Application of Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 20 g tree.

Banana

Burrowing nematode: Radopholus similis

• Stunting of plants
• Reduction in size and number of leaves and in bunch weight.
• Appearance of dark red lesion on roots.
• Toppling of plants in windstorms or heavy rains.

Lesion nematode: Pratylenchus coffeae

• Extensive black or purple necrosis on roots
• Stunting of plants.
• Reduction in size and number of leaves and in bunch weight.

• Fallowing for a period of six months or longer.
• Crop rotation with non-host crops.
• Use of disease free planting material.
• Storage of large corms in the sun for two weeks prior to planting.
• Use of cover crop calapogonium.
• Removal of infested portions of corm before planting.
• Hotwater treatment at 55o C for 15-25min.
• Paring and Pralinage
• Carbofuran 3 g @40g/ plant at 90 days after planting.
• Application of neem cake

Host: Grapevine, Papaya, Pomegranate ,Banana

Root-knot nematodes : Meloidogyne spp. and Reniform nematode: Rotylenchulus reniformis

• Unthrifty growth
• Susceptibility to growth, often occurring in patches.
• Reduced yield.
• Heavily infested plants have a much reduced root system with large elongated galls in root-knot infested plants.
• Small galls along feeder roots in root-knot infested plants.

• Planting stocks certified free of infection.
• Application of carbofuran 3G @ 60g/vine.
• Application of Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 50g/vine.