Symptoms of damage:

• Young grub scrape on the upper surface of the leaves
• Older grub and adults bite large round holes in the leaves

Identification of pest:

• Grub: Oval, flattened yellowish with spiny processes covering the body.
• Pupa: Is less spiny than the larva, and is fixed to the leaf
• Adult:

• Aspidiomorpha miliaris: Broad oval shaped brownish red in colour With black dots
• Cassida circumdata: Broad oval shaped, greenish yellow in colour with green crescent mark in middle
• Chirida bipunctata: Small metallic green in colour with six black spots on elytra

Management:

• Collect and kill the grubs
• Spray Malathion @ 200 ml/ac
• Use insect-free vines as planting material
• Use yellow sticky trap @12/ha