Mode of spread and survival :
- Leaves decay at the base, turn yellow, wilt, and topple over
- Roots and bulbs - covered with a fluffy white mycelium
- Affected bulbs may become watery, and the outer scales crack as the bulb dries and shrinks
- Small black sclerotia form on and in affected bulb parts
- Cool weather - needed for germination of sclerotia and hyphal growth
- Mycelium - encounters a host root, the fungus will form appresoria
- Mycelium can grow outwards from the roots of one plant to the roots of a adjacent plant
- Rotating out of Allium crops for ten years
- Destroying infected tissue
- Planting disease - free seed stock
- Seed dressing with benomyl or carbendazim(100-150g/kg of seed)
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| Wilting and toppling over | Fluffy white mycelium | White sclerotia on bulbs | Infected bulbs |
