• Leaves become smaller and chlorotic
• Leaf drop is more pronounced producing exposed branch terminals.
• Early wilting during water stress.
• Poor root development.
• Dirty appearance of infested roots.
• Faster decay of feeder roots.
• Root death due to heavy infestation.
• Infested trees are smaller and less productive than normal ones.

Management

• Avoidance of infested planting materials and contaminated farm implements.
• Provision of adequate light and water drainage
• Use of resistant root stock.
• Pre-plant application of Carbofuran 3 G 100g/tree
• Application of Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 20 g tree.