• The conspicuous symptom is a typical wilt, beginning with a yellowing and stunting of the plant, followed by wilting and rolling of the leaves as if the roots were unable to supply sufficient water.
• Finally, the plant dies.
• If a diseased stem is split lengthwise, the vascular bundles appear as dark streaks.
• When severely infected, nearly the whole stem is blackend.

Management

• Treat the seeds with Mancozeb @ 3g/kg seed.
• Drench the field with Copper oxy chloride @ 0.25%.