Yield Potential and Quality Characters
:
| Farmers Success Story of CO 31 |
| District / Season | Month | Varieties |
| Irrigated | CO (FS) 29 & CO 31 (Multicut Cholam) | |
| All Irrigated districts | Jan - Feb and Apr – May | |
| Rain fed | ||
| All Districts | (Jun - Jul) |
| PARTICULARS | CO (FS) 29 | CO 31 |
| Parentage | Derivative of the cross TNS 30 x Sorghum sudanense | Gamma ray (400 Gy) mutant of CO (FS) 29 |
| Duration (Days) | Multicut (3 years) | Multicut (3 years) |
| Average green fodder yield (t/ha) | 160-170 (6-7 cuts) | 190-(6-7 cuts) |
| Morphological characters | ||
| Plant height (cm) | 220-250 | 270 - 290 |
| Number of tillers | 10-15 | 12-17 |
| Number of leaves | 80-105 | 90-110 |
| Leaf length (cm) | 75-90 | 85 - 95 |
| Leaf breadth (cm) | 3.5-4.6 | 4.5 - 5.0 |
| Leaf stem ratio | 0.2-0.25 | 0.26 |
| Quality Characters | ||
| Protein content (%) | 8.41 | 9.86 |
| Dry matter (%) | 23.60 | 25.9 |
| Crude fibre (%) | 25.60 | 19.80 |
| IVDMD (%) | 50.30 | 52 |
Gamma ray (400 Gy) mutant of CO (FS) 29
Green fodder yield
3.
Note: Fodder Cholam can be intercropped with CO 5 and CO (FC) 8 Cowpea at 1:1 ratio and harvested together to provide nutritious fodder.
Harvest
Crop Production:
1.
| 1. | Preparatory cultivation | : | Plough 2-3 times to obtain a good tilth. Form ridges and furrows of 6 m long and 60 cm apart. Spread 25 tones of FYM/ha before ploughing and incorporate well. |
| 2. | Seed rate | : | 5 kg / ha |
| 3. | Spacing | : | 30 x 15 cm (Sow on both sides of ridges) |
| 4. | Fertilizers | : | Basal: 45 : 40 : 40 kg NPK/ha Top dressing: 45 kg N at 30 days after sowing After each harvest, apply 45 kg N/ha as basal. After first year apply 45:40:40 kg NPK/ha |
| 5. | Weed Management | : | First weeding on 25-30 DAS. There after based on necessity. |
| 6. | Water Management | : | Once in 7-10 days depending upon soil condition. |
| 7. | Harvest | : | First harvest at 75-80 days after sowing and subsequent harvests once in 50 days |
| 8. | Green fodder yield | : | 190 t/ha/year in 6-7 harvests |
Preparatory cultivation
Plough 2-3 times to obtain a good tilth. Form ridges and furrows of 6 m long and 60 cm apart. Spread 25 tones of FYM/ha before ploughing and incorporate well.
2.
Seed rate
5 kg / ha
Spacing
30 x 15 cm (Sow on both sides of ridges)
Fertilizers
Basal: 45 : 40 : 40 kg NPK/ha Top dressing: 45 kg N at 30 days after sowing After each harvest, apply 45 kg N/ha as basal. After first year apply 45:40:40 kg NPK/ha
Weed Management
First weeding on 25-30 DAS. There after based on necessity.
Water Management
Once in 7-10 days depending upon soil condition.
First harvest at 75-80 days after sowing and subsequent harvests once in 50 days
190 t/ha/year in 6-7 harvests
Crop Protection:
- Dead heart symptom at seedling stage (upto 30 days) .
- Dead heart plant with rotting smell pulled out easily.
- Side tillers production.
- Egg: white, cylindrical, distal end somewhat flattened (Cigar shaped).
- Maggot: Dirty white and apodous, later yellow and 6 mm long.
- Pupa: Brown puparium
- Adult: whitish grey female fly.
- ETL: 10% dead hearts or 1 egg / plant.
- Sow immediately at the onset of monsoon rains.
- Seed treatment : Imidacloprid 70 WS @ 10 g/kg of seeds.
- Set up hanging plastic fishmeal trap @ 12 nos. /ha upto 30 DAS.
- Plant yellow and wilt with large number of aphids.
- Honeydew secretion, sooty mould on leaves.
- Nymphs: light green.
- Adults: Bluish or olive green adults.
- Conservation of several parasitic wasps, ladybird beetles, syrphid fly larvae, and lacewing larvae and adults.
Seed production
- Land shall be free of volunteer plants including sudan grass.
- Isolation: Fields shall be isolated with following specified isolation distances.
| Contaminants | Minimum distance (meters) | |
| Foundation | Certified | |
| Fields of other varieties of grain and dual-purpose sorghum | 200 | 100 |
| Fields of same variety not confirming to varietal purity requirements | 200 | 100 |
| Johnson grass ( Sorghum halepense (L.)) and other grassy Sorghum spp. | 400 | 400 |
| F actor | Maximum permitted (%)* | |
| Foundation | Certified | |
| Off-types at any one inspection at and after flowering | 0.10 | 0.20 |
| *Heads infected by Kernel smut or Grain smut ( Sphacelotheca sorghi) and Head smut ( Sphacelotheca reiliana) at final inspection | 0.050 | 0.10 |
- Seed rate: 5 kg/ha .
- Seed treatment: Treat the seeds with 600 g of Azospirillum and 600g of Phosphobacteria or 1200g of Azophos.
- Spacing: 50 x 20 cm.
| Factor | Standards for each class | |
| Foundation | Certified | |
| Pure seed (minimum) | 97.0% | 97.0% |
| Inert matter (maximum) | 3.0% | 3.0% |
| Other crop seeds (maximum) | 5/kg | 10/kg |
| Weed seeds (maximum) | 5/kg | 10/kg |
| Other distinguishable varieties (maximum) | 10/kg | 20/kg |
| Ergot (Claviceps spp.) sclerotia, seed entirely or partially modified as sclerotia, broken sclerotia or ergotted (Sphacelia sorghi & Claviceps spp.) seeds (maximum) | 0.020% (by no.) | 0.040% (by no.) |
| Germination (minimum) | 75% | 75% |
| Moisture (maximum) | 12.0% | 12.0% |
| For vapour-proof containers (maximum) | 8.0% | 8.0% |