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I. CAUVERY DELTA ZONE

Home | Seasons & Varieties | Tillage | Nutrient Mgmnt | Irrigation Mgmnt | Weed Mgmnt | Crop Protection | Cost of Cultivation | Photobank

Districts: Thanjavur, Thiruvarur, Nagapattinam, Trichy, Ariyalur, Cuddalore and Pudukkottai

Geographical distribution of area

Cauvery Delta Zone (CDZ) lies in the eastern part of Tamil Nadu. It is bounded by the Bay of Bengal on the east and the Palk straight on the south, Trichy district on the west, Perambalur, Ariyalur districts on the north west, Cuddalore district on the north and Puddukkottai district on the south west. CDZ has a total geographic land area of 14.47 lakh ha. The erstwhile Thanjavur district (comprised Thanjavur, Thiruvarur, Nagapattinam) occupies 57 percent of CDZ followed by Trichy, Ariyalur, Cuddalore and Pudukkottai districts. Principal crops.

In this zone, rice is the principal crop. In the rice based cropping system, it is either single or double cropped. Pulses blackgram and greengram are next importance grown in the rice fallows throughout the delta region from January onwards. Gingelly is also sown in April in prepared fields subsequent to summer showers. Vegetables like brinjal, chillies and greens are grown during summer months in limited area in the well drained fertile lands depending upon the underground water source. In light clay loamy soils under garden land condition is brought out where crops like groundnut, maize, gingelly and irrigated pulses are altered. Banana, sugarcane and ornamentals like jasmine, rose, chrysanthemum, crossandra and arali are the annuals occupying the land for more than one year for the successive returns. Coconut gardens, bamboo and wood lots are scattered in the delta in different densities. Mango, jack, citrus, guava, pomegranate, custard, apple etc. are the more prevalent fruit trees in addition to cashew in specific pockets.

Cropping pattern suggested for different weather situations

1. Thanjavur district

  • Mean annual rainfall (mm) -1045.5
  • Cold weather period (Jan.-Feb) -47.1
  • Summer (March-May) -110.7
  • South West monsoon season (June-Sept) -342.0
  • North East monsoon season (Oct.-Dec.) -545.7

a. Command areas: alluvial soils

Existing

  • Rice (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly (Feb.-May)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - groundnut (Jan.-April) – gingelly (April-June)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly/ cotton (Jan.-April)
  • Sugarcane - ratoon sugarcane (Feb.-Dec.) – 2 years rotation
  • Rice (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly (Feb.-May)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - groundnut (Jan.-April) – gingelly (April-June)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - pulses/sesame/cotton (Jan.-Apr)
  • Sugarcane – ratoon sugarcane
  • Rice (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly (Feb.-May)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - groundnut (Jan.-April) – gingelly (April-June)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.)-pulses/sesame/cotton (Jan.-April)
  • Sugarcane - ratoon sugarcane (Dec.-Nov.) - (2 years rotation)
  • Rice (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly (Feb.-May)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - groundnut (Jan.-April) – gingelly (April-June)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) -pulses/sesame/cotton (Jan.-April)
  • Sugarcane - ratoon sugarcane (Dec.-Nov.) - (2 years rotation)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) – cotton +onion /gingelly (Feb-May)
  • Rice (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly (Feb.-May)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly/ cotton (Jan.-April)
  • Sugarcane (Jan.-Dec.) - ratoon sugarcane (Nov.-Dec.) – 2 years rotation
  • Direct sown rice (Aug.-Jan.) - groundnut (Jan.-April)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) – gingelly (Jan.-April)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - pulses / groundnut / gingelly (Jan.-April)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - groundnut (Jan.-April) – gingelly (April-June)
  • Rice (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly (Feb.-May)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - pulses/sesame/cotton (Jan-Apr)
  • Sugarcane - ratoon sugarcane (Nov.-Dec.)
  • Director sown rice (Aug-Jan)-groundnut (Jan-Apr)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - gingelly (Jan.-April)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - pulses / groundnut / gingelly (Jan.-April)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - groundnut (Jan.-April) – gingelly (April-June)
  • Rice (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly (Feb.-May)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.)- pulses/sesame/cotton (Jan.-Apr)
  • Sugarcane - ratoon sugarcane (Dec.-Nov.) - rice (Dec.-May) – groundnut (June-Sep./Oct.) - (three years rotation)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - groundnut (Jan.-April)
  • Banana (Jan.-Dec.) - ratoon banana (Jan.-Dec.) - rice (Dec.-April)
  • Vegetables (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Feb.)
  • Sugarcane - ratoon sugarcane (Feb.-Dec.)
  • Rice (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly (Feb.-May)

Normal year

  • Maize / pulses / vegetables (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct-­Jan.) - pulses / cotton /gingelly/ sunflower (Feb-­May)
  • Sugarcane - ratoon sugarcane (Feb.-Dec.) - 2 years rotation
  • Rice (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly (Feb.-May)

Moderate drought year

  • Maize / clusterbean / lab lab / bhendi /pulses / gingelly/ green manure (June-Sep.) - rice (Aug.-Feb.) - pulses / cotton / sunflower (Feb.-May)
  • Coleus* / Periwinkle* / senna* (Sep.-Jan.)
  • Sweet sorghum* (Jun-Sept) – rice (Oct-Jan) – pulses/gingelly (Feb-May)
  • Sweet sorghum* (Jun-Sept) – Rice (Oct-Jan) – Pulses/gingelly (Feb-May)

Severe drought year

  • Millets / green manure / gingelly (June-Sep.) - maize / fodder (Oct.-Feb.) - pulses (Feb.-May)

b. Well irrigated areas (filter point well): alluvial and laterite soils

  • Rice (Aug.-Dec.) - groundnut (Dec.-March)
  • Vegetables (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Feb.)
  • Banana (June-May) - ratoon banana (May-June) -(drip-Fertigation) - 2 years rotation
  • Vegetables (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses (Feb.-April)
  • Vegetables / onion (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - maize / pulses (Feb.-May)
  • Gloriosa* (2 year rotation) / coleus*
  • Flower crops (June planting)
  • Maize (Jun-Sept) – jatropha* (Oct. sowing) (under drip irrigation)
  • Sweet sorghum* (Jun-Sep.) – rice (Oct.-Jan.) – pulses / gingelly (Feb-May)
  • Maize/vegetables (Jun-Sep) – jatropha* (Sep. sowing)
  • Maize/vegetables (Jun-Sep) – jatropha* (Sep. sowing)
  • Rice (June.-Sept.) – rice (Oct.-Feb) - pulses (Feb.-April)
  • Maize/vegetables (Jun-Sep) – jatropha* (Sep. sowing)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - groundnut (Jan.-April)
  • Maize/vegetables (Jun-Sep) – jatropha* (Sep. sowing)
  • Maize (Aug.-Dec.) - gingelly/ soybean (Dec.-Mar.)
  • Pulses / groundnut / gingelly (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Feb.) - sunflower / maize (Feb.-May)
  • Fodder (Jun-Sept) – jatropha* (Sept. sowing) (under drip irrigation)
  • Fodder (Jun-Sept) – jatropha* (Sept. sowing) (under drip irrigation)
  • Jatropha* (Sept. sowing)
  • Jatropha* (Sept. sowing)
  • Clusterbean / lab lab / bhendi (July-Dec.) - watermelon / cucumber (Jan.-April)
  • Periwinkle* / senna* (Jun-Sep.)
  • Pulses / green manure (June-Sep.) - upland rice (Oct.-Feb.)
  • Jatropha* (Sept. sowing)
  • Periwinkle* / senna* (Jun-Sep.)
  • Jatropha* (Sept. sowing)

2. Thiruvarur district

  • Mean annual rainfall (mm) - 1124.7
  • Cold weather period (Jan.-Feb) - 57.3
  • Summer (March-May) - 100.2
  • South West monsoon season (June-Sept) - 301.8
  • North East monsoon season (Oct.-Dec.) - 665.4
  • Rice (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly(Feb.-May)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - groundnut (Jan.-April) -gingelly(April-June)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.)-pulses/sesame/cotton (Jan.-April)
  • Sugarcane -ratoon sugarcane (Feb.-Dec.) - 2 years rotation
  • Rice (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly(Feb.-May)
  • Maize (Pulses) / vegetables (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct-­Jan.) –
  • Maize/pulses/vegetables (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / cotton / gingelly/ sunflower (Feb.-May)
  • Maize/pulses/vegetables (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / cotton / gingelly/ sunflower (Feb.-May)
  • Sugarcane – ratoon sugarcane - 2 years rotation
  • Rice (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly (Feb.-May)
  • Maize/pulses/vegetables (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / cotton / gingelly/ sunflower (Feb.-May)
  • Sugarcane - ratoon sugarcane (Dec.-Nov.) - (2 years rotation)
  • Rice (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly (Feb.-May)
  • Maize / clusterbean / lab lab / bhendi / pulses/ gingelly/green manure (June-Sep.) - rice (Aug.-Feb.) -pulses / gingelly/ cotton (Feb.-May)
  • Coleus* / Periwinkle* / senna*
  • Sweet sorghum* (Jun-Sept) – Rice (Oct-Jan) – Pulses/gingelly(Feb-May)
  • Millets / green manure / gingelly(June-Sep.) – upland rice / maize/fodder (Oct.-Feb.) - pulses / sunflower (Feb.-May)

b. Well irrigated areas (filter point well): alluvial soils

  • Rice (Aug.-Dec.) – groundnut (Dec.-Mar.) vegetables (June-Sep.) – rice (Oct.-Feb.)
  • Pulses/groundnut/gingelly (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Feb.) - groundnut / greengram/pulses (Feb.-May)
  • Sweet sorghum* (Jun-Sep.) – rice (Oct.-Jan.) – pulses / gingelly (Feb-May)
  • Maize/vegetables (Jun-Sep)-jatropha* (Sep. sowing)
  • Rice (Aug.-Dec.) – groundnut (Dec.-Mar.) vegetables (June-Sep.) – rice (Oct.-Feb.)
  • Maize (Aug.-Dec.) - sesame/soybean (Dec.-March)
  • Pulses/groundnut/gingelly (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Feb.) - sunflower / maize (Feb.-May)
  • Fodder (Jun-Sept) – jatropha* (Sept. sowing) (under drip irrigation)
  • Maize (Aug.-Dec.) - sesame/soybean (Dec.-March)
  • Fodder / pulses/ green manure (Aug.-Dec.) -gingelly/ groundnut / sunflower / sorghum / pearl millet (Dec.-March)
  • Pulses/sesame/green manure (June-Sep.)-upland rice (Oct.-Feb.) pulses/green manure (Feb.-May)
  • Jatropha* (Sept. sowing)

3. Nagapattinam district

  • Mean annual rainfall (mm) -1333.8
  • Cold weather period (Jan.-Feb) -80.3
  • Summer (March-May) -93.0
  • South West monsoon season (June-Sept) -274.1
  • North East monsoon season (Oct.-Dec.) -886.4

a. Command areas: alluvial and sandy soils

  • Maize / clusterbean / lab lab / bhendi / pulses / sesame/green manure (June-Sep.) - rice (Aug.-Feb.) -pulses (Feb.-May)
  • Coleus* / Periwinkle* / senna* (June – Nov.)
  • Sweet sorghum* (Jun-Sept) – rice (Oct-Jan) – pulses/gingelly (Feb-May)
  • Millets / green manure / gingelly (June-Sep.) – maize/fodder (Oct.- Feb.) - pulses (Feb.-May)

b. Well irrigated areas (filter point well): alluvial and sandy soils Existing

  • Rice (June.-Sept.) – rice (Oct.-Feb) - pulses (Feb-­April)
  • Rice/pulses/groundnut/gingelly (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Feb.) – groundnut / greengram/pulses (Feb.-May)
  • Sweet sorghum* (Jun-Sep.) – rice (Oct.-Jan.) – pulses / gingelly (Feb- May)
  • Maize (Aug.-Dec.) - sesame/soybean (Dec.-Mar.)
  • Pulses/groundnut/gingelly (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Feb.) - sunflower / maize (Feb.-May)
  • Fodder (Jun-Sept) – jatropha* (Sept, sowing) (under drip irrigation)
  • Pulses/sesame/green manure (June-Sep.) - upland rice (Oct.-Feb.) - pulses/green manure(Feb.-May)

4. Trichirapalli district

  • Mean annual rainfall (mm) -759.3
  • Cold weather period (Jan.-Feb) -23.8
  • Summer (March-May) -109.1
  • South West monsoon season (June-Sept) -270.3
  • North East monsoon season (Oct.-Dec.) -356.1
  • Sugarcane - ratoon sugarcane (Dec.-Nov.) - (2 years rotation)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - cotton + onion /gingelly (Feb-May)
  • Maize/vegetables/pulses/sesame/green manure (June-Sep.) - rice (Aug.-Feb.) - pulses / senna* (Feb.-May) Coleus* / Vinca rosea / senna* (June-Nov.)
  • Pearl millet / fodder sorghum (June-Sep.) - upland rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / senna* (Feb.-May)
  • Sweet sorghum* (Jun-Sept) – rice (Oct-Jan) – Pulses/gingelly (Feb- May) Severe drought year
  • Sweet sorghum* (Jun-Sept) – Rice (Oct-Jan) – Pulses/gingelly (Feb- May)
  • Pulses (June-Sep.) - sunflower / coriander / cotton (Oct.-Feb.) – fallow
  • Millets/green manure / gingelly (June-Sep.) - maize / fodder (Oct. -Feb.) - pulses (Feb.-May)
  • b. Well irrigated areas: red, laterite, black and alluvial soils Existing
  • Banana (June-May) - ratoon banana (May-June) (Drip-Fertigation)
  • Vegetables (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) pulses (Feb.-April)
  • Vegetables/onion (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - maize / pulses (Feb.- May)
  • Banana (June-May) - ratoon banana (May-June) (Drip-Fertigation)
  • Vegetables (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.)
  • Pulses / gingelly (Feb.-April)
  • Vegetables / onion (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - maize / pulses / gingelly (Feb.-May)
  • Gloriosa - (2 years rotation)
  • Coleus* (June-Oct)-rice (Nov-Feb.)-pulses (Feb-May)
  • Flower crops
  • Maize (Jun-Sept) – jatropha* (Oct. sowing) (under drip irrigation)
  • Sweet sorghum* (Jun-Sep.) – rice (Oct.-Jan.) – pulses / gingelly (Feb- May)
  • Clusterbean / lab lab / bhendi (July-Dec.) - water melon/cluster

bean/cucumber (Jan.-April)

c. Rainfed areas: red, black and laterite soils

  • Groundnut + redgram (Oct.-Feb.)
  • Groundnut + redgram (Oct.-Feb.)
  • Green chilli/cluster bean / bhendi (Oct.-Feb.)
  • Sorghum/millets + pulses /gingelly/cucurbits (Oct-Feb)
  • Fodder sorghum / minor millets/fodder/coriander (Oct.-Feb.)

5. Perambalur district

  • Mean annual rainfall (mm) -949.0
  • Cold weather period (Jan.-Feb) -33.8
  • Summer (March-May) -116.0
  • South West monsoon season (June-Sept) -349.6
  • North East monsoon season (Oct.-Dec.) -449.6

a. Command areas: heavy clay soils

pulses/cotton + onion / gingelly/ sunflower (Feb.-May)

  • Maize/vegetables/pulses/sesame/green manure (June-Sep.) - rice (Aug.-Jan.) - pulses / senna* (Feb.-May)
  • Coleus* / Periwinkle* / senna* (June-Nov.)
  • Sweet sorghum* (Jun-Sept) – rice (Oct-Jan) – Pulses/gingelly (Feb- May)
  • Pulses (June-Sep.) - sunflower/coriander/cotton (Oct.-Feb.) - fallow
  • Millets / green manure / gingelly (June-Sep.) -maize/ fodder (Oct.-Feb.) - pulses (Feb.-May)

b. Well irrigated areas: red, black and laterite soils

  • Sugarcane - ratoon sugarcane (Nov.-Dec.) - (2 years rotation)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - groundnut (Jan.-April)
  • Rice (Oct.-Jan.) – gingelly (Feb.-May)
  • Vegetables (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Feb.)
  • Banana (Jan.-Dec.) - ratoon banana (Jan.-Dec.) - rice (Dec.-April)
  • Gloriosa (2 years rotation)
  • Coleus* (June-Oct.) - rice (Nov.-Feb.) - pulses / gingelly (June-Oct.)
  • Flower crops (June planting)
  • Maize (Jun-Sept) – jatropha* (Oct. sowing) (under drip irrigation)
  • Sweet sorghum* (Jun-Sep.) – rice (Oct.-Jan.) – pulses / gingelly (Feb- May)
  • Maize/vegetables (Jun-Sep) – jatropha* (Sept. sowing)
  • Sugarcane - ratoon sugarcane (Nov.-Dec.) - (2 years rotation)
  • Maize (Aug.-Dec.) - gingelly/ soybean / sunflower (Dec.-March)
  • Fodder / pulses / green manure (Aug.-Dec.) -sesame/groundnut / sunflower / sorghum / pearl millet (Dec.-March)
  • Cotton (Aug.-Feb.) – fallow
  • Fodder (Jun-Sept) – jatropha* (Sept. sowing) (under drip irrigation)
  • Clusterbean / lab lab / bhendi (July-Dec.) -water melon / cluster bean / cucumber (Jan.-April)
  • Periwinkle* / senna* (June-Sep.)
  • Jatropha* (Sept. sowing)

c. Rainfed areas: black, laterite and red soils

  • Gingelly (July-Oct.)- cotton + coriander (Nov.-Feb.)
  • Gingelly(July-Oct.) - horsegram (Nov.-Feb.)
  • Pearl millet / sorghum / maize (July-Oct.) - coriander / groundnut (Nov.-Feb.)
  • Gingelly (July-Oct.) - cotton + coriander (Nov.-Feb.)
  • Gingelly (July-Oct.) - horsegram (Nov.-Feb.)
  • Pearl millet / sorghum / maize (July-Oct.) - coriander / groundnut (Nov.-Feb.)
  • Cotton (Aug.-Feb.) - fallow
  • Gingelly (July-Oct.) - horsegram (Oct.-Feb.)
  • Fodder sorghum / minor millets / fodder / coriander (Oct.-Feb.)

6. Pudukottai district

  • Mean annual rainfall (mm) -917.4
  • Cold weather period (Jan.-Feb) -33.2
  • Summer (March-May) -115.5
  • South West monsoon season (June-Sept) -350.7
  • North East monsoon season (Oct.-Dec.) -418.0

a. Command areas: alluvial and laterite soils

  • Direct sown short duration rice - (Sep.-Dec.)
  • Groundnut / gingelly (Dec.-March)
  • Coleus* (June-Nov.) - pulses (Dec.-Feb.)
  • Maize / clusterbean / lab lab / bhendi / pulses / sesame/green manure (June-Sep) - rice (Aug-Jan.) -pulses (Feb.-May)
  • Pulses (June-Sep.) - groundnut /gingelly (Sep.-Dec.)
  • Millets / green manure / gingelly (June-Sep.) -maize / fodder / pulses (Oct.-Feb.)
  • Periwinkle* / senna* (Oct.-Jan.)

b) Tankfed areas: laterite and red soils

  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - pulses (Feb.-April)
  • Rice (June-Sep.) - ragi (Sep.-Dec.) - pulses (Jan.-April)
  • Rice (July-Nov.) - ragi/groundnut (Dec.-March) - fallow
  • Ragi (April - July) - rice (July-Nov.) - groundnut/pulses (Dec.-Feb.)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.) - pulses (Feb.-April)
  • Ragi (April - July) - rice (July-Nov.) - groundnut
  • Clusterbean / lab lab / bhendi (June-Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - fallow
  • Fodder maize/ fodder cowpea / water melon / cucumber (Oct.-Feb.)

c. Well irrigated areas: laterite, red and sandy soils

  • Groundnut (April-July) - rice (Aug.-Jan.) - pulses (Feb.-April)
  • Ragi (April-July) - rice (Aug.-Jan.) - pulses (Feb.-April)
  • Sugarcane - ratoon sugarcane (Nov. -Dec.) - (2 years rotation)
  • Ragi (April-July) - maize (Aug.-Jan.) - pulses (Feb-­April)
  • Banana - ratoon banana (July-May) - (2 years rotation)
  • Groundnut (April-July) - rice (Aug.-Jan.)- pulses (Feb.-April)
  • Ragi (Apr-July)- rice (Aug.-Jan.)-pulses (Feb.-Apr)
  • Sugarcane - ratoon sugarcane (Nov.-Dec.) - (2 years rotation)
  • Ragi (April-July) - maize (Aug.-Jan.) - pulses (Feb-April)
  • Banana - ratoon banana (July-May) - (2 years rotation)
  • Maize (Jun-Sept) – jatropha* (Oct. sowing) (under drip irrigation)
  • Sweet sorghum* (Jun-Sep.) – rice (Oct.-Jan.) – pulses / gingelly (Feb- May)
  • Ragi (April-July) - maize (Aug.-Jan.) - pulses (Feb.­-April)
  • Watermelon (Dec.-March) - groundnut (April-July) – fallow
  • Fodder (Jun-Sept) – jatropha* (Sept. sowing) (under drip irrigation)
  • Fodder sorghum / fodder maize / fodder cowpea / green manure (Oct.-Feb.)

d. Rainfed areas: laterite and red soils

  • Groundnut + redgram (June-Jan.)
  • Groundnut + castor (June-Jan.)
  • Varagu + pearl millet (Aug.-Jan.)
  • Groundnut (June-Sep.) - ragi (Sep.-Jan.)
  • Ragi + castor (June-Jan.)
  • Groundnut + redgram (June-Jan.)
  • Groundnut + castor (June-Jan.)
  • Varagu + pearl millet (Aug.-Jan.)
  • Groundnut (June-Sep.) - ragi (Sep.-Jan.)
  • Ragi + castor (June-Jan.)
  • Pulses (June-Sep.) - ragi (Oct.-Feb.)
  • Ragi + castor (June-Jan.)
  • Fodder sorghum / fodder cowpea/castor / cucurbits (June-Jan.)

7. Cuddalore district: (Chidambaram and Kattumannarkovil)

  • Mean annual rainfall (mm) -1248.1
  • Cold weather period (Jan.-Feb) -65.6
  • Summer (March-May) -92.4
  • South West monsoon season (June-Sept) -373.6
  • North East monsoon season (Oct.-Dec.) -716.5
  • Sugarcane - ratoon sugarcane (Dec.-Nov.) - rice (Dec.-May) – groundnut (June-Sep./Oct.) - (three years rotation)
  • Rice (June - Sep.) - rice (Oct.-Jan.) - pulses / gingelly (Feb.-May)
  • Rice (Aug.-Jan.)- pulses/sesame/cotton (Jan.-April)
  • Maize / vegetables / pulses / gingelly / green manure (June-Sep.) – rice (Aug.-Feb.) - pulses (Feb.-May)
  • Maize / clusterbean / lab lab / bhendi / gingelly / green manure (June-Sep.) - rice (Aug.-Feb.) – gingelly (Feb.-May)
  • Millets / green manure / season (June-Sep.) -maize / fodder (Oct.-Feb.) – gingelly (Feb.-May)
  • Perennial trees : 20% of cultivable area sapota, amla, cashew, bamboo, mango, casuarina
  • Inland fisheries and dairy
  • Biofuel crops are recommended only with industrial tie-up
  • Medicinal plants are recommended only with buy back arrangement