• Both nymphs and adults suck the sap from leaves, buds and pods
• Curling may occur in infested leaves and at advanced stage plants may wither and die
• Plants remain stunted and sooty molds grow on the honey dew excreted by the insects
• The infected filed looks sickly and blighted in appearance

Identification of the pest :

• Aphids: are small, soft-bodied, pearl-shaped insects that have a pair of cornicles (wax-secreting tubes) projecting out from the fifth or sixth abdominal segment.

Management:

• Use tolerant varieties like JM-1 and RK-9501
• Destroy the affected parts along with aphid population in the initial stage
• The crop sown before 20th October escapes the damage
• Set up yellow stick trap to monitor aphid population
• Conserve the following natural enemies: Ladybird beetles viz., Coccinella septempunctata, Menochilus sexmaculata, Hippodamia variegata and Cheilomones vicina thatare most efficient predators of the mustard aphid. Adult beetles may feed on an average of 10-15 adults/day
• A number of entomogenous fungi , Cephalosporium spp., Entomophthora and Verticillium lecanii infect aphids
• Several species of syrphid fly i.e., Sphaerophoria spp., Eristallis spp., Metasyrphis spp., Xanthogramma spp and Syrphus spp . are predating on aphids
• The braconid parasitoid Diaretiella rapae, a very active bio-control agent cause the mummification of aphids
• The lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea predates on the mustard aphid colony
• Predatory bird Motacilla cospica is actively feeding over aphids in February-March
• Spray the crop with one of the following in the flowering stage: oxydemeton methyl, dimethoate @625-1000 ml per ha